Piracetam 7491-74-9

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Molecular Weight: 142.16 Piracetam is a cyclic derivative of the neurotransmitter gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA), used in treatment of a wide range of cognitive disorders.

Biological Activity

Piracetam is able to significantly decrease the fusogenic and
destabilising effect of Abeta 29-42, in a concentration-dependent
manner. Preincubation of piracetam, at a piracetam/peptide ratio of 960,
during 20 min before the addition of Abeta 29-42 prevents almost
completely the mixture of the two fluorescent probes. Preincubation of
piracetam with lipids prevents almost completely the release of calcein
induced by the peptide in a dose-dependent fashion (piracetam/peptide
ratios from 9.6 to 960).






Piracetam (300 mg/kg once daily) significantly increases membrane
fluidity in some brain regions of young and aged rats, but has no
measurable effect on membrane fluidity in the young rats. Piracetam (300 mg/kg daily for 6 weeks) improves active avoidance
learning in the aged rats only and elevates membrane fluidity in all
brain regions except the cerebellum in the aged rats. Piracetam (300
mg/kg daily for 6 weeks) also improves NMDA receptor density in the
hippocampus and on muscarinic cholinergic receptor densities in the
frontal cortex and the striatum and to a lesser extent in the
hippocampus of rats. Piracetam (500 mg/kg p.o. for 14
days) elevates N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor density by about 20%
and normalizes the enhanced affinity of L-glutamate for the NMDA
receptor in aged mice. Piracetam-treated withdrawn rats
has higher the number of synapses than that observed in
nonpiracetam-treated and alcohol-fed animals by up to 20%, the
mechanisms leading to the synaptic reorganization took place at the
mossy fiber level.

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