Chloramphenicol 56-75-7

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Molecular Weight: 323.13 Chloramphenicol is a bacteriostatic antimicrobial.


Biological Activity


Chloramphenicol(Chloromycetin) is a bacteriostatic antimicrobial. It is considered as a prototypical broad-spectrum antibiotic. It is effective against a wide variety of Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria, including most of anaerobic organisms. It is bacteriostatic (that is, it stops bacterial growth). It is a protein synthesis inhibitor, inhibiting peptidyl transferase activity of the bacterial ribosome, binding to A2451 and A2452 residues in the 23S rRNA of the 50S ribosomal subunit, preventing peptide bond formation.


Conversion of different model animals based on BSA (Value based on data from FDA Draft Guidelines)

Species	Baboon	Dog	Monkey	Rabbit	Guinea pig	Rat	Hamster	Mouse
Weight (kg)	12	10	3	1.8	0.4	0.15	0.08	0.02
Body Surface Area (m2)	0.6	0.5	0.24	0.15	0.05	0.025	0.02	0.007
Km factor	20	20	12	12	8	6	5	3

Animal A (mg/kg) = Animal B (mg/kg) multiplied by	Animal B Km
	Animal A Km

For example, to modify the dose of resveratrol used for a mouse (22.4 mg/kg) to a dose based on the BSA for a rat, multiply 22.4 mg/kg by the Km factor for a mouse and then divide by the Km factor for a rat. This calculation results in a rat equivalent dose for resveratrol of 11.2 mg/kg.

Rat dose (mg/kg) = mouse dose (22.4 mg/kg) ×	mouse Km(3)	= 11.2 mg/kg
	rat Km(6)

Chemical Information

Molecular Weight (MW)	323.13
Formula	C11H12Cl2N2O5
CAS No.	56-75-7

Storage	3 years -20℃Powder
	6 months-80℃in solvent (DMSO, water, etc.)
Synonyms	Chloromycetin

Solubility (25°C) *	In vitro	DMSO	65 mg/mL (201.15 mM)
		Water	<1 mg/mL (
		Ethanol	65 mg/mL (201.15 mM)

Chemical Name	2,2-dichloro-N-[(1R,2R)-2-hydroxy-1-(hydroxymethyl)-2-(4-nitrophenyl)ethyl]-acetamide

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