Amoxicillin 26787-78-0

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Molecular Weight: 365.4 Amoxicillin is a moderate-spectrum, bacteriolytic, β-lactam antibiotic used to treat bacterial infections caused by susceptible microorganisms.


Biological Activity


Amoxicillin treated cells secrete high amounts of interleukin-5 and
mostly lower or no amounts of tumor necrosis factor alpha,
interleukin-4, and interferon-gamma. Amoxicillin-specific T cell clones
fails to show drug-specific cytotoxicity, but killed target cells in the
presence of concanavalin A, indicating a principal ability to be
cytolytic. Amoxicillin releases faster in pH 1.0 hydrochloric acid
(HCl) than in pH 7.8 phosphate buffer. Amoxicillin would be degraded to
some extent in a pH 1.0 HCl medium at 37 degrees C, which indicated that
amoxicillin is not stable in an acidic surrounding. Amoxicillin
inhibits 4 of 15 isolates at 8 mg/mL or less but is not bactericidal
against any of the isolates at that concentration.


Amoxicillin in
combination with clavulanic acid is bactericidal for 14 of 15 isolates
tested at an amoxicillin concentration of 4 mg/mL or less and a
clavulanic acid concentration of 2 mg/mL or less. Amoxicillin inhibits
50% of isolates tested decreased from 0.5 mg/mL (range, 0.25 to 1 mg/mL)
to 0.06 mg/mL (range, 0.01 to 0.25 mg/mL) in the presence of only 4 mg
of cefotaxime per mL.


Protocol(Only for Reference)


Conversion of different model animals based on BSA (Value based on data from FDA Draft Guidelines)

Species	Baboon	Dog	Monkey	Rabbit	Guinea pig	Rat	Hamster	Mouse
Weight (kg)	12	10	3	1.8	0.4	0.15	0.08	0.02
Body Surface Area (m2)	0.6	0.5	0.24	0.15	0.05	0.025	0.02	0.007
Km factor	20	20	12	12	8	6	5	3

Animal A (mg/kg) = Animal B (mg/kg) multiplied by	Animal B Km
	Animal A Km

For example, to modify the dose of resveratrol used for a mouse (22.4 mg/kg) to a dose based on the BSA for a rat, multiply 22.4 mg/kg by the Km factor for a mouse and then divide by the Km factor for a rat. This calculation results in a rat equivalent dose for resveratrol of 11.2 mg/kg.

Rat dose (mg/kg) = mouse dose (22.4 mg/kg) ×	mouse Km(3)	= 11.2 mg/kg
	rat Km(6)

Chemical Information

Molecular Weight (MW)	365.4
Formula	C16H19N3O5S
CAS No.	26787-78-0

Storage	3 years -20℃Powder
	6 months-80℃in solvent (DMSO, water, etc.)
Synonyms	Amoxycillin

Chemical Name	(2S,5R,6R)-6-((R)-2-amino-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)acetamido)-3,3-dimethyl-7-oxo-4-thia-1-aza-bicyclo[3.2.0]heptane-2-carboxylic acid

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